"The availability heuristic is a phenomenon (which can result in a cognitive bias) in which people predict the frequency of an event, or a proportion within a population, based on how easily an example can be brought to mind."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Availability_heuristic
Also see:http://heuristics.behaviouralfinance.net/availability/
Heuristics generally:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic
and
http://heuristics.behaviouralfinance.net/
Fun related article:
http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2011/12/michael-lewis-201112
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